| Miniatures are small pictures and small portrait with colored details that are used in old manuscripts and are made with paint and gild by working very cautiously and elaborately. The word miniature stems from the Italian "miniature" and is a living offspring of stories, poetry, and history, and bears a quality of being a historical documentary. When we look at a miniature, we can see the morale and civilization of the society in which the artist was grown up, and the clothing style of the humans at the date, and the historical events, are carried to today. The history of the miniature art dates back to the periods when the Turks appeared on the world scene in Central Asia. The authentic source and representatives of miniature are the Uighur Turks. During the Ottoman era, miniature began to appear under the reign of Caesar Mehmed II The Conqueror, and reached its full-blown maturity during the reign of Suleyman the Magnificent.
Gilding is ornamenting the edges and contours of the calligraphies with flowers and other motifs using dyes and gold dust. In this context, gilding is an art that completes the calligraphy and book binding arts, contributing embroidery and color harmony to the book, and having a long and rooted history.
Gilding art dates back to the Turks of Central Asia, and it developed very much during reign of Sljukian Turks, and are inherited bu Ottomans, and reached its culmination in the 16th and 17th centuries.
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